Graph Coded Merkle Tree: Mitigating Data Availability Attacks in Blockchain Systems Using Informed Design of Polar Factor Graphs
Data availability (DA) attack is a well-known problem in certain blockchains where users accept an invalid block with unavailable portions. Previous works have used LDPC and 2-D Reed Solomon (2D-RS) codes with Merkle trees to mitigate DA attacks. These codes perform well across various metrics such as DA detection probability and communication cost.